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Election Material
Constitution
The 1980 Constitution of The Arab Republic of Egypt
Constitution of Egypt adopted by referendum in 1980.
Election Material
Election and Political Party Law
Title 2 Elections and Referenda
Title 2 Elections and Referenda
Election Material
Civic Education Material
Mon livret d'education civique: 3eme
“Mon livret d’education civique: 3eme” is a civic education manual from 1995, available in French, which teaches students about the Constitution, the hierarchy of government, elections, and the justice system in Gabon. The document, published by the National Pedagogical Institute of Gabon, is aimed at students who are preparing to take the ‘Brevet des Colleges’ exam (taken at the end of 9th grade) and contains quizzes, questions and games on different civic education subjects.
Election Material
Civic Education Material
Mon livret d'education civique: Cours Moyen
“Mon livret d’education civique: Cours Moyens” is a manual from 1995, available in French, which teaches students about the geography, different municipalities and communes, political regime, and branches of government in Gabon. The document, published by the National Pedagogical Institute of Gabon, is aimed at middle school students and contains different lessons, quizzes and games on these civic education subjects.
Election Material
Constitution
Constitution de la Republique Gabonaise
The Constitution of the Republic of Gabon as adopted in 1991.
Publication
Book
Financing Politics: The Middle East and North Africa
Financing Politics: The Middle East and North Africa is a collaborative effort between the International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) and the Arab Region Parliamentarians against Corruption (ARPAC). It represents a concerted attempt to better understand and document existing political finance regulations and experiences in five countries – Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Tunisia and Yemen. The availability of information on the funding of parties and campaigns is a first and significant step in enhancing transparency.
September 30, 2013
Publication
Report/Paper
IFES Releases Briefing Paper on Key Challenges for Credible and Competitive Elections in Egypt
As the situation in Egypt continues to evolve, IFES has released a briefing paper that serves as a guide to understanding the current electoral system and identifies issues that must be addressed immediately in order to have credible and competitive elections in the near future.
February 08, 2011
Publication
Report/Paper
IFES Releases Briefing Paper on Post-Mubarak Egypt
Since protesters began to fill Cairo’s Tahrir Square in late January demanding sweeping political changes and the start of a truly democratic era, Egypt has seen a series of momentous developments. In this second briefing paper, IFES provides a thorough overview and analysis of the measures that have been taken since Mubarak stepped down and the issues that still need to be addressed before the forthcoming elections.
April 26, 2011
Publication
Report/Paper
Lithuania: Money and Politics Case Study
Lithuania has rapidly developed both politically and economically since emerging from the Soviet Union in 1991. While the country has built a functioning parliamentary system of government, has become a member of NATO, and is on the verge of joining the European Union, it still faces many problems associated with the many consolidating democracies around the world. As in all democracies, populations need to trust that those they elect will represent their interests. Problems such as corruption, weaknesses in laws concerning the political financing, and unaccounted for political income and expenditures threaten the credibility of the process and hinder the speed at which democracy is consolidated. Additionally, Lithuania lacks the high level of vibrant debate about the issue of political financing among scholars, journalists and civil society bodies required to promote meaningful reform. Recognizing this, Lithuania has developed an independent Central Electoral Committee (CEC) and adopted laws requiring detailed and public disclosure of political finance accounts. Prior to conducting Money and Politics programming in Lithuania, the CEC had made a demonstrable interest in making information public. While scanning summary report of accounts and placing them on the internet, the user could not search, not easily compare and analyze the information. Interested parties were required to make an appointment to view more detailed, paper-based information. Further, while the Tax Authorities are required to audit final political party reports, enforcement is widely considered to be weak. Few, if any, cases of political finance violations have been forwarded and investigated, not to mention prosecuted. By addressing the difficult issues surrounding political finance with the support of IFES in 2002 and 2003, Lithuania is emerging as a model for other consolidating democracy to follow. Significant areas remain to be addressed. While Lithuania has taken concrete steps to reform political finance legislation, open political finance information to public scrutiny and oversight, and encourage debate, further efforts are required to actively enforce laws and regulations and raise the level of debate among the various governmental, legislative, and civil society groups. By addressing these areas, Lithuania has the potential for being an example of best practices while making local expertise and resources to other countries undergoing similar reforms.
December 31, 2002