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Election Material
Ballot
Armenia Referendum Ballot 1995
Ballot used for the 5 July 1995 referendum held in Armenia. Voters were asked if they wanted to adopt the constitution adopted by the Parliament.
Election Material
Ballot
Armenia National Assembly Ballot 1995
English translation of the ballot used for National Assembly elections held in Armenia in 1995. The main parties in the election were the Republican Bloc, Shamiram, and the Armenian Communist Party.
Election Material
Ballot
Armenia Ballot 1997
Ballot used for Armenian election held on 13 April 1997.
Election Material
Ballot
South Sudan Referendum Ballot 2011
Ballot used in the referendum held between January 9 -15, 2011, which resulted in the creation of an independent South Sudan.
Election Material
Ballot
Armenia Ballot 1996
Ballot used in the 22 September 1996 presidential election in Armenia. The main candidates in the election were Levon TER-PETROSYAN (Pan-Armenian National Movement), Vazgen MANUKYAN (National Democratic Union), and Sergey BADALYAN (Armenian Communist Party).
Publication
Report/Paper
Lithuania: Money and Politics Case Study
Lithuania has rapidly developed both politically and economically since emerging from the Soviet Union in 1991. While the country has built a functioning parliamentary system of government, has become a member of NATO, and is on the verge of joining the European Union, it still faces many problems associated with the many consolidating democracies around the world. As in all democracies, populations need to trust that those they elect will represent their interests. Problems such as corruption, weaknesses in laws concerning the political financing, and unaccounted for political income and expenditures threaten the credibility of the process and hinder the speed at which democracy is consolidated. Additionally, Lithuania lacks the high level of vibrant debate about the issue of political financing among scholars, journalists and civil society bodies required to promote meaningful reform. Recognizing this, Lithuania has developed an independent Central Electoral Committee (CEC) and adopted laws requiring detailed and public disclosure of political finance accounts. Prior to conducting Money and Politics programming in Lithuania, the CEC had made a demonstrable interest in making information public. While scanning summary report of accounts and placing them on the internet, the user could not search, not easily compare and analyze the information. Interested parties were required to make an appointment to view more detailed, paper-based information. Further, while the Tax Authorities are required to audit final political party reports, enforcement is widely considered to be weak. Few, if any, cases of political finance violations have been forwarded and investigated, not to mention prosecuted. By addressing the difficult issues surrounding political finance with the support of IFES in 2002 and 2003, Lithuania is emerging as a model for other consolidating democracy to follow. Significant areas remain to be addressed. While Lithuania has taken concrete steps to reform political finance legislation, open political finance information to public scrutiny and oversight, and encourage debate, further efforts are required to actively enforce laws and regulations and raise the level of debate among the various governmental, legislative, and civil society groups. By addressing these areas, Lithuania has the potential for being an example of best practices while making local expertise and resources to other countries undergoing similar reforms.
December 31, 2002
Publication
Report/Paper
South Sudan Anniversary: One Year after Independence
One year after achieving independence, the Republic of South Sudan continues along the path of building a sustainable democracy.
June 29, 2012
News & Updates
Interview/Speech/Testimony
Investing in Common Aspirations: Lewis Madanick on the Former Eastern Bloc, Democracy and Humanity
Lewis Madanick, Program Manager at Open World Leadership Center, has watched Eastern Europe’s rocky to transition to democracy. A child of the Cold War and a student of Russian/Soviet history, he has a deep interest in global politics and the role of the individual in democracy. While at IFES from 1999-2000, Madanick served as Program Officer for Russia. He now works to build ties between emerging leaders in Eurasia and the United States. A week after the death of Margaret Thatcher – who recognized the first Soviet Union President Mikhail Gorbachev as reform-oriented – Madanick comments on the march of democracy in former Eastern Bloc.
News & Updates
Interview/Speech/Testimony
Armenia’s Parliamentary Election: Another Step on the Path Toward Democracy
On Sunday, May 6, Armenia held its first parliamentary election under a new election law since the 2008 presidential poll that saw violent protests. Anthony Bowyer, IFES program manager for the Caucasus and Central Asia, answers questions from southern Armenia.
News & Updates
Interview/Speech/Testimony
IFES South Sudan: Interview with Robert David Irish
IFES' South Sudan Operations Officer Robert David Irish has been involved in elections for seven years. After observing post-election activities in Ethiopia in 2005, his first IFES project was as an election observer in Haiti in 2006.