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Financing Politics: The Middle East and North Africa
Financing Politics: The Middle East and North Africa is a collaborative effort between the International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) and the Arab Region Parliamentarians against Corruption (ARPAC). It represents a concerted attempt to better understand and document existing political finance regulations and experiences in five countries – Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Tunisia and Yemen. The availability of information on the funding of parties and campaigns is a first and significant step in enhancing transparency.
September 30, 2013
Publication
Report/Paper
Post-electoral Perception in Ecuador, Indigenous and Female Populations: Survey Otavalo, El Tambo Tena, Final Report, December, 2003
This investigation combines techniques of qualitative and quantitative research. The specific goal of the study is to increase the knowledge of the post electoral opinions and perceptions of the citizens, as residents of the urban and rural zones of Otavalo, Tambo and Tena, Ecuador.
December 31, 2003
Publication
Report/Paper
Electoral Districts in Lebanon
Electoral districting is pivotal to electoral reform in Lebanon. Current parliamentary electoral district boundaries are based on Lebanon’s administrative districts, or Qadas.
October 05, 2011
Publication
Report/Paper
Lebanon's New Cabinet
Lebanon announced a new cabinet under Prime Minster Najib Mikati after operating without a government since January. IFES has produced a short brief that delineates the members of the new cabinet including their position, confession and political affiliation.
June 14, 2011
Publication
Report/Paper
Lithuania: Money and Politics Case Study
Lithuania has rapidly developed both politically and economically since emerging from the Soviet Union in 1991. While the country has built a functioning parliamentary system of government, has become a member of NATO, and is on the verge of joining the European Union, it still faces many problems associated with the many consolidating democracies around the world. As in all democracies, populations need to trust that those they elect will represent their interests. Problems such as corruption, weaknesses in laws concerning the political financing, and unaccounted for political income and expenditures threaten the credibility of the process and hinder the speed at which democracy is consolidated. Additionally, Lithuania lacks the high level of vibrant debate about the issue of political financing among scholars, journalists and civil society bodies required to promote meaningful reform. Recognizing this, Lithuania has developed an independent Central Electoral Committee (CEC) and adopted laws requiring detailed and public disclosure of political finance accounts. Prior to conducting Money and Politics programming in Lithuania, the CEC had made a demonstrable interest in making information public. While scanning summary report of accounts and placing them on the internet, the user could not search, not easily compare and analyze the information. Interested parties were required to make an appointment to view more detailed, paper-based information. Further, while the Tax Authorities are required to audit final political party reports, enforcement is widely considered to be weak. Few, if any, cases of political finance violations have been forwarded and investigated, not to mention prosecuted. By addressing the difficult issues surrounding political finance with the support of IFES in 2002 and 2003, Lithuania is emerging as a model for other consolidating democracy to follow. Significant areas remain to be addressed. While Lithuania has taken concrete steps to reform political finance legislation, open political finance information to public scrutiny and oversight, and encourage debate, further efforts are required to actively enforce laws and regulations and raise the level of debate among the various governmental, legislative, and civil society groups. By addressing these areas, Lithuania has the potential for being an example of best practices while making local expertise and resources to other countries undergoing similar reforms.
December 31, 2002
Publication
Report/Paper
Comparative Report on the State of the Judiciary in Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon and Morocco
This report compares the overall state of the judiciary in four Arab countries: Lebanon, Jordan, Egypt and Morocco. It evaluates regional judicial independence and accountability and is based on wide-ranging research conducted by Arab experts from the region over the past two years. Lebanon, Jordan, Egypt and Morocco were selected for comparison because they have already implemented some judicial reforms and are among the most progressive in the region with respect to this issue. The experiences of these countries may provide best practices and valuable lessons learned. In addition, they may be receptive to working with civil society to deepen their reforms. This report was made possible by the financial support of UNDP-POGAR and technical support from IFES.
May 08, 2007
Publication
Report/Paper
Comparative Report on the State of the Media in Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon and Morocco
This comparative report on the media in Jordan, Lebanon, Egypt and Morocco seeks to accomplish at least three important tasks: (1) measure the independence of the media against new regional best practice standards; (2) identify baseline data for the current state of the media; and (3) establish a comprehensive framework that can be used to analyze the state of the media in future research and annual monitoring/reporting as well as to facilitate consensus building and the prioritization of reforms. ACRLI believes that new regional standards developed for the project are essential if the media is to be capable of reinforcing the rule of law. It also believes that these standards can help promote a professional, responsible media built on integrity, independence and competence. This report was made possible by the financial support of UNDP-POGAR and technical support from IFES.
May 08, 2007
Publication
Report/Paper
Comparative Report on the State of the Parliament in Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon and Morocco
This comparative report on the state of the parliament is based on the country reports covering the parliaments of four countries—Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon and Morocco—and is the first report of its kind in the Arab region. ACRLI, with technical support from IFES and the Canadian Parliamentary Centre, prepared these reports over a two-year period. It employed a multidisciplinary methodology based on international best practices and norms for parliaments, and drew up academic resources; applied research; surveys of parliamentarians, parliamentary staff and the public; and discussions at country and regional roundtables. It is part of a series of reports focused on the overall state of three key mutually supportive institutions in the Arab region: the judiciary, the media and the parliament.
April 30, 2007
Publication
Report/Paper
Electing the Lebanese President
This briefing paper outlines some of the key constitutional and procedural issues that may arise as the Lebanese Parliament meets to elect a new President.
October 21, 2007
Publication
Report/Paper
Electoral System Options for Lebanese 2010 Elections
This document provides background information on some available options for alternative electoral systems that could be used for electing municipal councils in Lebanon. The paper also provides an assessment on the impact the choice of system has on the possibility of introducing standardized ballot papers.
August 10, 2009