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Haiti Constituency Building for Judicial Reform (2001-2004)
In Haiti, IFES worked with civil society between 2001 and 2004. The project, funded by USAID, aimed to build coalitions and promote support for justice sector reform and respect for human rights. The program strengthened the capacity of civil society to be effective, knowledgeable advocates around a common justice reform agenda. Haitian working groups undertook research, monitored and reported on targeted issues related to human rights and the justice sector, including the independence of the judiciary, through tools and participatory methodologies adapted from IFES’ Rule of Law Toolkit...
January 31, 2005
Publication
Report/Paper
Rapport sur l état du pouvoir judiciaire: Haïti, 2002-2003
Ce Rapport unique, réalise fin 2003, dépeint de manière claire et méthodique la situation de faiblesse et de pauvreté d'un pouvoir judiciaire lui n'est ni indépendant ni responsable vis-à-vis du peuple haïtien.
March 31, 2004
Publication
Report/Paper
State of the Judiciary: Haiti 2002-2003
This State of the Judiciary Report for Haiti was written by Léon Saint-Louis, J.D., a Haitian human rights lawyer and professor of public and contract law. Léon Saint-Louis has participated as a panelist in numerous seminars and debates on human rights and public law issues in the Haitian context. He has worked as a Legal Advisor for a number of Haitian State agencies and has been a legal consultant for the international community, including the MICIVIH and UNDP. This State of the Judiciary Report for Haiti was edited by Keith Henderson, IFES Senior Rule of Law Advisor, and Violaine Autheman, IFES Rule of Law Advisor, who are the authors of the Executive Summary and of Chapter 1 of this Report. They are also responsible for the analytical conclusions in the tables which attempt to evaluate the level of compliance with the Judicial Integrity Principles, included in the Executive Summary and in Annex 3.
March 31, 2004
Publication
Report/Paper
State of the Judiciary: Honduras 2003
This State of the Judiciary Report for Honduras was written by Edmundo Orellana, J.D., an eminent Honduran lawyer specializing in judicial reform and author of numerous articles and books on this topic in his country and abroad. Dr. Orellana has drafted a number of documents that have now become laws on themes ranging from the “Status of the Career of Public Prosecutors” to the “Judicial Code of Ethics” and the “Public Prosecution Code of Ethics”. He has served in numerous public offices, including General Director for Administrative Reform of the Ministry of Planning, Coordination and Budget, Judge of the Administrative Chamber of the Court of Appeals, Attorney General, and Ambassador to the United Nations. This State of the Judiciary Report for Honduras was supervised and edited by FOPRIDEH, a Honduran nongovernmental organization dedicated to sustainable development, the formulation of sound public policies and the strengthening of democratic processes and institutions in Honduras. FOPRIDEH is a federation of non-governmental organizations that brings together over 70 affiliated organizations and various commissions and alliances with State institutions. We are especially thankful for the collaboration of coordinators Wilfredo Méndez and Ana Pineda in this project. This State of the Judiciary Report for Honduras was edited by Keith Henderson, IFES Senior Rule of Law Advisor, and Violaine Autheman and Sandra Elena, IFES Rule of Law Advisors, who are the authors of the Executive Summary and Chapter 1 of this Report. They are also responsible for the analytical conclusions in the tables that evaluate the level of compliance with the Judicial Integrity Principles which are included in the Executive Summary and in Annex 4.
March 31, 2004
Publication
Survey
Attitudes Toward Democracy and Markets in Nigeria: Report of a National Opinion Survey, January - February 2000
A national sample survey on “Attitudes toward Democracy and Markets” was conducted in Nigeria in January-February 2000 by the International Foundation for Election Systems, in collaboration with Management Systems International. Research and Marketing Services, based in Lagos, conducted the fieldwork, assisted with the sampling methods and processed questionnaire data. Drs. Peter Lewis (American University) and Michael Bratton (Michigan State University) directed survey design, oversaw implementation and analyzed survey results. Funding for the survey was provided by the U.S. Agency for International Development. The purpose of the present study is to find out what ordinary Nigerians think about recent political and economic developments. As a guiding theme, we asked: “Do Nigerians support democracy and markets?” The study was designed as a national sample survey, meaning that we posed the same set of questions to a small sample of the population who were selected to represent the adult population of Nigeria as a whole. The target population for the survey was citizens of Nigeria, namely persons at least 18 years old and eligible to vote. To draw a representative cross-section of the voting age population, a random sample was designed. The survey covered all six informal geopolitical regions of the country, including 22 of the 36 states, with the number of interviews in each region being proportional to the region's population size. To adapt the questionnaire to local conditions, we translated the English version into six local languages: Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo, Kanuri, Tiv, and Ijaw. All interviews were administered in the language of the respondent's choice. The survey questionnaire reproduced several items that had been asked in previous surveys in Nigeria and in other countries, so as to provide a basis for comparing Nigeria with other African nations as well as other regions of the world.
March 31, 2004
Publication
Report/Paper
Post-electoral Perception in Ecuador, Indigenous and Female Populations: Survey Otavalo, El Tambo Tena, Final Report, December, 2003
This investigation combines techniques of qualitative and quantitative research. The specific goal of the study is to increase the knowledge of the post electoral opinions and perceptions of the citizens, as residents of the urban and rural zones of Otavalo, Tambo and Tena, Ecuador.
December 31, 2003
Publication
Report/Paper
Valoracion Tecnica de Los Procesos Electorales Elecciones Generales del 2003: Republica de Guatemala, Informe Final
December 31, 2003
Publication
Report/Paper
Political Money and Political Corruption: Considerations for Nigeria
November 28, 2003
Publication
Report/Paper
Promoting Electoral Access for Citizens with Disabilities: Considerations for Nigeria, INEC-Civil Society Forum Seminar on Agenda for Electoral Reform, 27-28 November 2003, Abuja, Nigeria
The right to participate in and stand for election is a fundamental human right. According to Article 25 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: “Every citizen shall have the right and the opportunity, without any of the distinctions mentioned in Article 2 and without unreasonable restrictions: (a) To take part in the conduct of public affairs, directly or through freely chosen representatives’ (b) To vote and be elected at genuine periodic elections which shall be by universal and equal suffrage and shall be held by ballot, guaranteeing the free expression of the will of the electors; (c) To have access, on general terms of equality, to public service in his country.” The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights sets an international standard for the conduct of the elections and the right of participation in that process. In reviewing the Constitutional and legal framework of Nigeria’s electoral process, it is important to ensure that this framework meets international standards, while taking into account the nation’s experience and political and social environment. The right of participation of “every citizen” is one that must be guaranteed by law and by the way the electoral process is conducted. In Nigeria, citizens with disabilities face legal as well as practical barriers to equal participation in the electoral process. However, this electoral review affords the opportunity to ensure that the rights of citizens with disabilities are protected by law and by practice. There is no reliable data on how many of Nigeria’s approximately 120 million citizens live with some sort of physical or mental disability. Nigerian census officials last submitted statistics on disability to the United Nations over 12 years ago, estimating at that time that .5 percent of the population was disabled. This figure is not comparable to the international norm and is a severe under-estimate. In the United States, at least 6% of population has some form of obvious disability – is blind or visually impaired; deaf; a wheelchair user or has an intellectual disability. However, with Nigeria’s incidence of polio, nutritional problems and difficulties with access to healthcare, the percentage of Nigerians with obvious disabilities is likely to be higher – perhaps 10% or more. With an estimated population of 120 million, that would be more than 12 million citizens with disabilities – half of whom are of voting age, at least some 6 million people. This, of course, does not take into account persons with hidden or even undiagnosed disabilities, such as learning disabilities, diabetes, epilepsy, heart disease, etc. Section 17(2) of Nigeria’s 1999 Constitution states that “every citizen shall have equality of rights, obligations and opportunities before law.” Do the Constitutional and legal provisions governing the conduct of elections guarantee this right for those Nigerian citizens with disabilities? Are Nigerians with disabilities able to equally participate in and stand for election?
November 26, 2003
Publication
Report/Paper
Manuel du droit Constitutionel a l intention des journalistes
Ce Manuel reprend de notes et de références sur le droit constitutionnel a Haïti. Le public auquel il s'adresse est de journalistes. L'objectif est donc autant d'aider les journalistes à capter la dimension juridique des faits observes, de parfaire leurs compétences, préciser le raisonnement juridique que de transmettre des connaissances brutes relatives au Droit Constitutionnel.
September 30, 2003