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Lithuania: Money and Politics Case Study
Lithuania has rapidly developed both politically and economically since emerging from the Soviet Union in 1991. While the country has built a functioning parliamentary system of government, has become a member of NATO, and is on the verge of joining the European Union, it still faces many problems associated with the many consolidating democracies around the world. As in all democracies, populations need to trust that those they elect will represent their interests. Problems such as corruption, weaknesses in laws concerning the political financing, and unaccounted for political income and expenditures threaten the credibility of the process and hinder the speed at which democracy is consolidated. Additionally, Lithuania lacks the high level of vibrant debate about the issue of political financing among scholars, journalists and civil society bodies required to promote meaningful reform. Recognizing this, Lithuania has developed an independent Central Electoral Committee (CEC) and adopted laws requiring detailed and public disclosure of political finance accounts. Prior to conducting Money and Politics programming in Lithuania, the CEC had made a demonstrable interest in making information public. While scanning summary report of accounts and placing them on the internet, the user could not search, not easily compare and analyze the information. Interested parties were required to make an appointment to view more detailed, paper-based information. Further, while the Tax Authorities are required to audit final political party reports, enforcement is widely considered to be weak. Few, if any, cases of political finance violations have been forwarded and investigated, not to mention prosecuted. By addressing the difficult issues surrounding political finance with the support of IFES in 2002 and 2003, Lithuania is emerging as a model for other consolidating democracy to follow. Significant areas remain to be addressed. While Lithuania has taken concrete steps to reform political finance legislation, open political finance information to public scrutiny and oversight, and encourage debate, further efforts are required to actively enforce laws and regulations and raise the level of debate among the various governmental, legislative, and civil society groups. By addressing these areas, Lithuania has the potential for being an example of best practices while making local expertise and resources to other countries undergoing similar reforms.
December 31, 2002
Publication
Report/Paper
The 1990 Bulgarian Elections: A Pre-Election Assessment, May 1990
This report summarizes the findings of an IFES pre-election assessment team in Bulgaria from April, 1990. The document reports on meetings with the Central Election Commission, leaders and representatives of political parties and leading citizens groups. Further, the report discusses the electoral process, the role of the constitution, electoral law, composition and role of the central electoral commission and regional electoral commissions, voter registration procedures, the methods of ballot security, vote counting and verification, and the contest and appeals procedure. It also discussed the role of political parties in the campaign and in the election.
April 30, 1990
Publication
Report/Paper
Intersectionality Assessment of Political and Electoral Participation in Ukraine
Obstacles to full and equal political participation exist across Ukraine. A new IFES assessment identifies vulnerabilities that impact the political participation of Ukrainians with multiple social identities and opportunities for coalition-building.
July 31, 2020
Publication
Report/Paper
Internally Displaced Persons and Electoral Participation: A Brief Overview
IFES’ “Internally Displaced Persons and Electoral Participation: A Brief Overview” represents the culmination of intensive research, which is intended to further develop IDP electoral rights.
November 14, 2016
Publication
Report/Paper
An Orderly Rebellion: Bulgarias Transition from Dictator to Democracy, August 1990
This report discusses the June 1990 elections in Bulgaria. The report discusses the roles of the Bulgarian Central Electoral Commission, political parties and election officials. The document further discusses the role IFES played in the elections. The report ends with recommendations for the Bulgarian Grand National Assembly on how to improve the electoral system. The overall focus of the report is on the content and adequacy of the laws, regulations, implementation procedures, and policy guidelines that affected the conduct of the elections and public perception of the validity of the results.
July 31, 1990
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Publication
Electoral Assessment
Preparing for Transitional Elections – Challenges and Opportunities for Building Democratic Resilience During Conflict and Other Crises
How can the international community support countries in holding meaningful transitional elections without rushing them to do so when conditions are not right?
November 07, 2023
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Publication
Report/Paper
Building Resilience Against Election Influence Operations
IFES in partnership with ASD at the German Marshall Fund provides timely insights and recommendations for how countries can bolster their resilience against the rising scale and sophistication of election disinformation.
April 23, 2024
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Publication
Brochure/Fact Sheet
Strengthening Engagement through Education for Democracy (SEED) 2023
In 2010, IFES developed a global, university-level civic education approach: Strengthening Engagement through Education for Democracy (SEED).
January 27, 2023
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Publication
Report/Paper
Risks to Community Cohesion between Ukrainian Refugees and Host Communities in Central Europe
This report aims to help understand the factors that might undermine cohesion between Ukrainian refugees and host communities in Central Europe.
June 20, 2023