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Lithuania: Money and Politics Case Study
Lithuania has rapidly developed both politically and economically since emerging from the Soviet Union in 1991. While the country has built a functioning parliamentary system of government, has become a member of NATO, and is on the verge of joining the European Union, it still faces many problems associated with the many consolidating democracies around the world. As in all democracies, populations need to trust that those they elect will represent their interests. Problems such as corruption, weaknesses in laws concerning the political financing, and unaccounted for political income and expenditures threaten the credibility of the process and hinder the speed at which democracy is consolidated. Additionally, Lithuania lacks the high level of vibrant debate about the issue of political financing among scholars, journalists and civil society bodies required to promote meaningful reform. Recognizing this, Lithuania has developed an independent Central Electoral Committee (CEC) and adopted laws requiring detailed and public disclosure of political finance accounts. Prior to conducting Money and Politics programming in Lithuania, the CEC had made a demonstrable interest in making information public. While scanning summary report of accounts and placing them on the internet, the user could not search, not easily compare and analyze the information. Interested parties were required to make an appointment to view more detailed, paper-based information. Further, while the Tax Authorities are required to audit final political party reports, enforcement is widely considered to be weak. Few, if any, cases of political finance violations have been forwarded and investigated, not to mention prosecuted. By addressing the difficult issues surrounding political finance with the support of IFES in 2002 and 2003, Lithuania is emerging as a model for other consolidating democracy to follow. Significant areas remain to be addressed. While Lithuania has taken concrete steps to reform political finance legislation, open political finance information to public scrutiny and oversight, and encourage debate, further efforts are required to actively enforce laws and regulations and raise the level of debate among the various governmental, legislative, and civil society groups. By addressing these areas, Lithuania has the potential for being an example of best practices while making local expertise and resources to other countries undergoing similar reforms.
December 31, 2002
Publication
Report/Paper
Armenia Final Report
This report describes the details from IFES efforts to strengthen Armenia’s democratic structures from 1997 to 2002. The report discusses the development of election legislation, IFES support for the Central Election Commission and support for the overall electoral process and conduct of elections. The report further details the relationships formed by IFES with local and international NGOs, the development of an election resource center and election materials produced by the IFES team.
November 30, 2002
Publication
Report/Paper
Technical Assistance to Armenia: July 5, 1995 National Assembly Elections & Constitutional Referendum
July 31, 1995
Publication
Report/Paper
Pre-Election Assessment: Seychelles
This report details the IFES pre-election assessment team’s findings and the results from the IFES survey on the status of election preparations in Seychelles during its transition from a single-party state to a multi-party democracy.
June 30, 1992
Publication
Report/Paper
Armenia: Technical Assistance, November 10, 1996 Municipal Elections
This technical assistance report covers both the presidential and municipal elections that occurred in Armenia in the Fall of 1996. The assistance to the Central Electoral Commission included, among other topics, voter education materials, election administration training, programming and materials. Moreover, the report discusses general election day observations and assessments of proposed regulations. The report concludes with recommendations for the parliamentary Committee for State and Legal Issues.
January 31, 1996
Publication
Report/Paper
Armenia: 1995 On-Site Technical Assistance
This report summarizes observations made by IFES reporters in Armenia in regarding national assembly elections in July 1995. The report also discusses the simultaneous referendum on a new Armenian Constitution. The report details several amendments to the constitution, including clauses regarding human rights, voting districts and ballots. The report discusses the electoral and voting processes and concludes with recommendations for future elections and democracy assistance.
July 31, 1996
Publication
Report/Paper
Armenia National Survey, August 1996, Analysis of Findings
This report summarizes the findings from a nation-wide IFES conducted survey in Armenia in 1996. The questionnaire covered a multitude of subjects including Armenian views towards NGOs, political parties, political institutions and officials and past voting experience. The ultimate goal of the survey was to collect information regarding Armenians views on issues of democracy.
July 31, 1996
Publication
Report/Paper
Precinct Election Training for Armenia’s National Assembly Elections
IFES conducted ethical and procedural election administration trainings for 13,811 appointed Armenian Precinct Election Commissioners (PEC) in 1,982 precincts from April 15 through May 3, 2012.
July 03, 2012
Publication
Survey
IFES Survey Examines Priorities for Gender Advocacy in Armenia
IFES’ Applied Research Center (ARC) conducted a global survey of practitioners in gender equality and women’s empowerment in 40 countries where IFES is active. The survey identifies key issues and challenges affecting women and girls and examines priorities for advocacy on gender issues. The survey also assesses the effectiveness of women’s organizations and their capacity-building needs to improve future gender program interventions.
April 26, 2013
Publication
Survey
Public Expectations and Attitudes in Armenia (2000): Executive Summary of Focus Group Findings
Between May 15-19, 2000, the IFES commissioned a series of focus group sessions (eight in total) to be carried out across Armenia. These focus groups were conducted to find out how ordinary Armenians feel about their leaders and institutions, their confidence in the electoral process, and their overall perceptions of the political and economic situation in Armenia today. While the findings from this research project cannot be said to be scientifically representative of the adult population of Armenia, they do provide important insights into the attitudes and opinions of Armenians of different ages and education, and from different locations. These insights can help aid organizations in identifying areas of greatest concern and need in the process of democratic development in Armenia.
June 30, 2000